10.
Gurbaani Raag Dhanaasari
Raga
Dhanasri appears in the Ragmala as a ragini of Malkaunsa and currently is a
member of the Kafi thata, It closely resembles Bhimpalasi in musical content
but the vadis and moods are different. Dhanasri is performed in the early
afternoon and presents a cheerful, happy mood. It provided the setting for
hymns by Guru Nanak, Guru Ainar Das, Guru Ram Das, Guru Arjan and Gurfi Tegh
Bahadur for a total of 101 hymns. These texts stress that man reaps what he
sows. Only in the Lord may be found the riches that dispel fear and
ignorance and thus cause man to realize his true self.
Aroh
Sa Ga'Ma Pa Ni Sa
Avroh
Sa _Ni Dha Pa Nla P a Ga Re Sa
Vadi
Pa
Samvadi
Sa
Pa
is given considerable emphasis and _Ni and Pa receive sliding approaches, a
characteristic of this raga. The pentatonic ascent provides some of the
melodic features of this raga.
Introduction
According
to one school of Music this raga is a ragini (consort) of raga Malkaus. It
is made up of a mixture of Todi, Asawari and Marwa ragas. It is sung in four
different forms: Kafi form, Multani form, Puria form and Bharvi form This
raga is included in the Ragamala listed at the end of Guru Granth Sahib. The
scale and notes of the four forms listed above are the same and are as
follows :
Arohi
(ascending scale) - sa ga ma pa ni sa
Avrohi
(descending scale) - sa ni dha pa ma ga re sa
The vadi
(most popular) note is 'pa' and samvadi (second most popular) note is 'sa'.
This
raga is sung at the third part of the day i.e., from 12 p.m. to 3 p.m. The
season of its recitation is winter (shisher) i.e., during December and
January.
In Guru Granth Sahib it has hymns from pages 660 - 695 (36 pages).
The Composers
The
composers of bani (hymns) in this raga are :
Gurus
-
Guru Nanak Dev
-
Guru Amardas
-
Guru Ramdas
-
Guru Arjan Dev
-
Guru Tegh Bhadur
Bhagats
-
Kabir
-
Trilochan
-
Namdev
-
Ravidas
-
Sain
-
Pipa
-
Dhanna